Noise Figure & Cascade Calculator

Add amplifier or attenuator stages to calculate cascaded noise figure using the Friis formula.

Cascade Stages

# NF (dB) Gain (dB)

Results

Total Noise Figure cascaded (Friis)
Equivalent Noise Temperature T₀ = 290 K reference

Formulas

Friis Formula

F = F₁ + (F₂−1)/G₁ + (F₃−1)/(G₁G₂) + …

F = linear noise factor = 10^(NF/10)

NF → Noise Temperature

T = T₀ × (F − 1)

T₀ = 290 K (IEEE standard)

NF (dB) ↔ Linear

F = 10^(NF_dB / 10) NF_dB = 10 × log₁₀(F)

Stage 1 dominates the cascade. A low-NF, high-gain LNA at the front significantly reduces the noise contribution of subsequent stages.